Server Techno Lab: Install LAMP on Ubuntu using Ansible

Description: Here I have explained, How to install LAMP on ubuntu using Ansbile by creating separate roles for each.

Install Ansible on Ubuntu

# apt install ansible

# ansible --version [To verify the ansible version]

Generate SSH keys and copy it to destination server

To communicate/Authorise Ansible server to destination server need to generate ssh keys to destination server using URL

Setup Host in Ansible host file

Open host configuration file under /etc/ansible/hosts file and add host as follow:

# vi /etc/ansible/hosts

#[dbservers]#
#db01.intranet.mydomain.net
#db02.intranet.mydomain.net
# Here's another example of host ranges, this time there are no
# leading 0s:
#db-[99:101]-node.example.com
[web]
20.124.15.109

Verify the Ansible result by ping using below command

# ansible -m ping web

Create Directory for different roles and variable file

Navigate to folder and create different roles for each components. Here, I am going to create for 3 roles [Apache, PHP and MySQL] using below command

# ansible-galaxy role init apache

# ansible-galaxy role init php

# ansible-galaxy role init mysql

Run tree command to verify the folder structure for all three roles

# tree

Declare Variables for each role: First I am going to declare variable for each role. For variable I am creating role for group variable using below command

# ansible-galaxy role init groupvar

Once variable role created navigate to var folder in groupvar and create variable file as follow

# cd /home/serverapprunner/Apache/groupvar/vars

# vi main.yml

---
### Variables for LAMP ###
http_host: techserverweb.com
http_conf: techserverweb.com.conf
http_port: 80
app_user:  www-data
sudo_user: root
mysql_root_password: P@ssw0rd123
php_version: 7.4

Here, I have defined variable like host name, configuration, Port number, etc..

Apache: After setup main variable file, first I am going to create task, handlers and file for Apache

Navigate to Apache folder under role folder. Open tasks folder and paste below content in main.yml file

---
- name: Install prerequisites
  apt: name={{ item }} update_cache=yes state=latest force_apt_get=yes
  loop: [ 'aptitude' ]

  #Apache Configuration
- name: Install Apache Packages
  apt: name={{ item }} update_cache=yes state=latest
  loop: [ 'apache2' ]

- name: Create document root
  file:
    path: "/var/www/{{ http_host }}"
    state: directory
    owner: "{{ app_user }}"
    mode: '0755'

- name: Set up Apache virtualhost
  template:
    src: "files/apache.conf.j2"
    dest: "/etc/apache2/sites-available/{{ http_conf }}"
    
- name: Enable new site
  shell: /usr/sbin/a2ensite {{ http_conf }}
  
#- name: Disable default Apache site
#  shell: /usr/sbin/a2dissite 000-default.conf
#  when: disable_default
#  notify: Reload Apache
# UFW Configuration
- name: "UFW - Allow HTTP on port {{ http_port }}"
  ufw:
    rule: allow
    port: "{{ http_port }}"
    proto: tcp

- name: Reload Apache
  service:
    name: apache2
    state: reloaded

- name: Restart Apache
  service:
    name: apache2
    state: restarted

Open files directory and create apache.conf.j2 file and paste content as follow

<VirtualHost *:{{ http_port }}>
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    ServerName {{ http_host }}
    ServerAlias www.{{ http_host }}
    DocumentRoot /var/www/{{ http_host }}
    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

    <Directory /var/www/{{ http_host }}>
          Options -Indexes
    </Directory>

    <IfModule mod_dir.c>
        DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.cgi index.pl  index.xhtml index.htm
    </IfModule>
</VirtualHost>

Open handler directory and create main.yml file, Paste content as follow. To restart the apache2 service after installation

---
- name: Reload Apache
  service:
    name: apache2
    state: reloaded

- name: Restart Apache
  service:
    name: apache2
    state: restarted

PHP: After setup for Apache, Creating yaml file for defaults, files, tasks and handlers

Open defaults folder and define php modules in default.yml file

---
# defaults file for php7x
php_modules:
  - fpm
  - mysql
  - cli
  - common
  - json
  - opcache
  - gd
  - intl
  - curl
  - mbstring
  - zip
  - xml
  - soap
  - bcmath
  - dev

Open tasks folder and create default.yml file as follow to install PHP7.4

---
  - name: Setting Default Language
    shell: LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8

  - apt_repository:
      repo: ppa:ondrej/php

  - name: Update APT
    shell: apt-get update

  - name: Install php{{ php_version }}
    apt:
      name: "php{{ php_version }}-{{ item }}"
      state: present
    with_items: "{{ php_modules }}"

  - name: Copy PHP info to Webroot
    template:
      src: "files/info.php.j2"
      dest: "/var/www/{{ http_host }}"

Create info.php.j2 file for phpinfo page copy to virtual host location in files directory as follow

<?php
phpinfo();

MySQL: After setup PHP, creating main.yml file under tasks directory as follow


---
- name: Install prerequisites
  apt: name={{ item }} update_cache=yes state=latest force_apt_get=yes
  loop: [ 'aptitude' ]

 #Install MariaDB server
- name: Install MariaDB Packages
  apt: name={{ item }} update_cache=yes state=latest
  loop: [ 'mariadb-server', 'python3-pymysql' ]

# Start MariaDB Service
- name: Start MariaDB service
  service:
    name: mariadb
    state: started
  become: true

 # MariaDB Configuration
- name: Sets the root password
  mysql_user:
    name: root
    password: "{{ mysql_root_password }}"
    login_unix_socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

- name: Removes all anonymous user accounts
  mysql_user:
    name: ''
    host_all: yes
    state: absent
    login_user: root
    login_password: "{{ mysql_root_password }}"

- name: Removes the MySQL test database
  mysql_db:
    name: test
    state: absent
    login_user: root
    login_password: "{{ mysql_root_password }}"

After setup all three roles, create deploy.yml file at root folder path. In which I have define roles which need to run

---
- name: apply common configuration to all nodes
  hosts: all
  become: yes
  become_method: sudo
  vars_files:
    - roles/groupvar/vars/main.yml
  roles:
    - apache
    - mysql
    - php

Run the ansible playbook by run below command

# ansible-playbook deploy.yml