Install LAMP using Ansible Role

Description: Here I have explained, What is Ansible Role? How to install LAMP in Centos using Ansible Role?

What is Ansible Role?

Ansible role is a set of tasks to configure a host to serve a certain purpose like install and configure services. Roles are defined using YAML files with a predefined directory structure. A role directory structure contains directories: defaults, vars, tasks, files, templates, meta, handlers. Each directory must contain a main.yml file that contains relevant content. Below is the description of each directory

1. defaults: contains default variables for the role. Variables in default have the lowest priority so they are easy to override.
2. vars:  contains variables for the role. Variables in vars have higher priority than variables in the defaults directory.
3. tasks: contains the main list of steps to be executed by the role.
4. files: contains files that we want to be copied to the remote host. We don’t need to specify a path of resources stored in this directory.
5. templates: contains file template which supports modifications from the role. We use the Jinja2 templating language for creating templates.
6. meta: contains metadata of role like an author, support platforms, dependencies.
7. handlers: contains handlers that can be invoked by “notify” directives and are associated with service.

How to Install LAMP [Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP] in Centos using Ansible?

Apache: 

• Create a role for Apache using ansible-galaxy command 
  # ansible-galaxy init apache
  
  

• After creating the role navigate to the task directory under the apache role directory and open main.YAML file [Already created with role] and paste below content to install and start httpd service

---
# tasks file for apache
- name: ensure apache is at the latest version
  yum: name=httpd state=latest
- name: ensure service started
  service: name=httpd state=started

MySQL:

• Create a role for MySQL using ansible-galaxy command
  # ansible-galaxy init MySQL
  
  
  

• After creating role crate task and handler file on each respective directories
• First I am going to create task file for MySQL 5.7 as follow
  # cd /etc/ansible/roles/MySQL/tasks/
  # vi main.yml
  
  

---
  - name: Install MySQL 5.7 repo
    yum: name=http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm state=present

  - name: Install MySQL 5.7
    yum: pkg={{ item }}
    with_items:
    - mysql-community-server
    - mysql-community-client
    - MySQL-python

  - name: Start the MySQL service
    service: name=mysqld state=started enabled=true

  - name: Change mysql root password and keep track in
    shell: |
      password_match=`awk '/A temporary password is generated for/ {a=$0} END{ print a }' /var/log/mysqld.log | awk '{print $(NF)}'`
      echo $password_match
      mysql -uroot -p$password_match --connect-expired-password -e "ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'P@ssw0rd123'; flush privileges; "
      echo "[client]"
      user=root
      password=PassW0rd > /root/.my.cnf
    args:
      creates: /root/.my.cnf
    register: change_temp_pass
    notify: restart mysqld

  - meta: flush_handlers
  - debug:
      var: change_temp_pass

• After creating task file, I am going to create handler to restart mysql service as follow
  # /etc/ansible/roles/MySQL/handlers
  # vi main.yaml

---
# handlers file for mysql
- name: restart mysqld
  service:  name=mysqld  state=restarted

PHP:

• Create Role for PHP using ansible-galaxy command 
  # ansible-galaxy init php
• After creating role open task folder and create yaml file to install php as follow
  # cd /etc/ansible/roles/php/tasks
  # vi main.yml

---
# tasks file for php
- name: ensure php is at the latest version
  yum: name=php state=latest

Install LAMP:

• After creating all tasks file now creating YAML file for LAMP installation with roles 
  # vi LAMP.yaml
  

---
- hosts: all
  roles:
    - apache
    - MySQL
    - php

• Run YAML file using the ansible-playbook command 

         # ansible-playbook LAMP.yaml

Verification:
Now I am verifying each component on the Destination server

PHP:

MySQL:

Apache: