MySql Basic Commands

Mysql Commands

1>    Login MySQL Console

# [mysql dir]mysql  -u username -p

2>    Create a database on the sql server.

mysql> create database [databasename];

3>    List all databases on the sql server.

mysql> show databases;

4>    Switch to a database.

mysql> use [db name];

5>    To see all the tables in the db.

mysql> show tables;

6>    To see database’s field formats.

mysql> describe [table name];

7>    To delete a db.

mysql> drop database [database name];

8>    To delete a table.

mysql> drop table [table name];

9>    Show all data in a table.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name];

10>Returns the columns and column information pertaining to the designated table.

mysql> show columns from [table name];

11>Show certain selected rows with the value “whatever”.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE [field name] = “whatever”;

12>Show all records containing the name “Bob” AND the phone number ’3444444′.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name = “Bob” AND phone_number = ’3444444′;

13>Show all records not containing the name “Bob” AND the phone number ’3444444′ order by the phone_number field.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name != “Bob” AND phone_number = ’3444444′ order by phone_number;

14>Show all records starting with the letters ‘bob’ AND the phone number ’3444444′.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like “Bob%” AND phone_number = ’3444444′;

15>Show all records starting with the letters ‘bob’ AND the phone number ’3444444′ limit to records 1 through 5.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like “Bob%” AND phone_number = ’3444444′ limit 1,5;

16>Use a regular expression to find records. Use “REGEXP BINARY” to force case-sensitivity. This finds any record beginning with a.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE rec RLIKE “^a”;

17>Show unique records.

mysql> SELECT DISTINCT [column name] FROM [table name];

18>Show selected records sorted in an ascending (asc) or descending (desc).

mysql> SELECT [col1],[col2] FROM [table name] ORDER BY [col2] DESC;

19>Return number of rows.

mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [table name];

20>Sum column.

mysql> SELECT SUM(*) FROM [table name];

21>Join tables on common columns.

mysql> select lookup.illustrationid, lookup.personid,person.birthday from lookup left join person on lookup.personid=person.personid=statement to join birthday in person table with primary illustration id;

22>Creating a new user. Login as root. Switch to the MySQL db. Make the user. Update password.

# mysql -u root -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> INSERT INTO user (Host,User,Password) VALUES(‘%’,'username’,PASSWORD(‘password’));
mysql> flush privileges;

23>Change a user’s password from unix shell.

# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqladmin -u username -h hostname.blah.org -p password ‘new-password’

24>Change a user’s password from MySQL prompt. Login as root. Set the password. Update password.

# mysql -u root -p
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR ‘user’@'hostname’ = PASSWORD(‘passwordhere’);
mysql> flush privileges;

Recover a MySQL root password. Stop the MySQL server process. Start again with no grant tables. Login to MySQL as root. Set new password. Exit MySQL and restart MySQL server.

# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
# mysqld_safe –skip-grant-tables &
# mysql -u root
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD(“newrootpassword”) where User=’root’;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit
# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
# /etc/init.d/mysql start

25>Set a root password if there is on root password.

# mysqladmin -u root password newpassword

26>Update a root password.

# mysqladmin -u root -p oldpassword newpassword

27>Allow the user “bob” to connect to the server from localhost using the password “passwd”. Login as root. Switch to the MySQL db. Give privs. Update privs.

# mysql -u root -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> grant usage on *.* to bob@localhost identified by ‘passwd’;
mysql> flush privileges;

28>Give user privilages for a db. Login as root. Switch to the MySQL db. Grant privileges. Update privileges.

# mysql -u root -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> INSERT INTO user (Host,Db,User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Update_priv,Delete_priv,Create_priv,Drop_priv) VALUES (‘%’,'databasename’,'username’,'Y’,'Y’,'Y’,'Y’,'Y’,'N’);
mysql> flush privileges;
or
mysql> grant all privileges on databasename.* to username@localhost;
mysql> flush privileges;

29>To update info already in a table.

mysql> UPDATE [table name] SET Select_priv = ‘Y’,Insert_priv = ‘Y’,Update_priv = ‘Y’ where [field name] = ‘user’;

30>Delete a row(s) from a table.

mysql> DELETE from [table name] where [field name] = ‘whatever’;

31>Update database permissions/privilages.

mysql> flush privileges;

32>Delete a column.

mysql> alter table [table name] drop column [column name];

33>Add a new column to db.

mysql> alter table [table name] add column [new column name] varchar (20);

34>Change column name.

mysql> alter table [table name] change [old column name] [new column name] varchar (50);

35>Make a unique column so you get no dupes.

mysql> alter table [table name] add unique ([column name]);

36>Make a column bigger.

mysql> alter table [table name] modify [column name] VARCHAR(3);

37>Delete unique from table.

mysql> alter table [table name] drop index [colmn name];

38>Load a CSV file into a table.

mysql> LOAD DATA INFILE ‘/tmp/filename.csv’ replace INTO TABLE [table name] FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘,’ LINES TERMINATED BY ‘\n’ (field1,field2,field3);

39>Dump all databases for backup. Backup file is sql commands to recreate all db’s.

# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword –opt >/tmp/alldatabases.sql

40>Dump one database for backup.

# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u username -ppassword –databases databasename >/tmp/databasename.sql

41>Dump a table from a database.

# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -c -u username -ppassword databasename tablename > /tmp/databasename.tablename.sql

42>Restore database (or database table) from backup.

# [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -u username -ppassword databasename < /tmp/databasename.sql

43>Create Table Example 1.

mysql> CREATE TABLE [table name] (firstname VARCHAR(20), middleinitial VARCHAR(3), lastname VARCHAR(35),suffix VARCHAR(3),officeid VARCHAR(10),userid VARCHAR(15),username VARCHAR(8),email VARCHAR(35),phone VARCHAR(25), groups VARCHAR(15),datestamp DATE,timestamp time,pgpemail VARCHAR(255));

44>Create Table Example 2.

mysql> create table [table name] (personid int(50) not null auto_increment primary key,firstname varchar(35),middlename varchar(50),lastnamevarchar(50) default ‘bato’);

45>Reset the admin password of any tables :

#mysql -uDATABASENAME -pPASSWORD
mysql> use DATABASENAME;

mysql>UPDATE `TABLENAME` SET `PASSWORD-FILED-NAME` = MD5( 'admin' ) WHERE `USER-FIELD-NAME`.`user_name` = "admin" ;